Crude Palm Oil is a raw material in the world that has many uses, it can be found in shampoos, toothpaste to cakes, and coffee creamer. However, how is palm oil made? These seeds are planted in a nursery where they receive intensive care for the first eight months of their growth, before being transplanted into the garden.
Crude Oil Palm
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Productionoil production starts from oil palm seeds. Oil palm plants have a productive life of 25-30 years, so the choice of seeds will affect productivity for the next few decades. Asian Agri has produced its own oil palm seed under the name Topaz, which has advantages in terms of high productivity and is more resistant to pests than other oil palm crops.
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In plantations, these trees are watered and managed with sufficient fertilizer during the growing period. After 30 months the plants are considered mature and ready to be harvested, the harvesting process will be carried out every 7-10 days.
Oil palm fruit is known as Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB). To harvest FFB, the harvester must use dodos or knives with a long pole to cut the fruit from the tree trunk. FFB that is ready for harvest is very easy to identify by its bright red color and if 10-15 fruits fall on the ground.
Process in the mills
that have been harvested are sent by transport trucks to the factory, to be sterilized using steam. This process is carried out so that the FFB can be released from the bunches, and to kill enzymes that can cause the quality of the FFB to decrease.
After the FFB is released from the bunch, then the empty fruit bunches will be reused. The long fibers in the stems can be used to make mattresses and car seat cushions, while the remaining empty fruit bunches are returned to the garden soil to help retain moisture before being used as fertilizer when the rotting process occurs.
After being released from the bunches
The oil palm fruit is processed into two main products: Crude Palm Oil (CPO), which is extracted from the mesocarp or pulp, and Palm Kernel Oil (PKO), which comes from the hard seed in the middle.
The first step is to press the fruit, to squeeze the CPO from the mesocarp. The oil is then filtered and refined to ensure it is free from contamination and dried to meet CPO standard specifications.
Furthermore, CPO is transferred to processing plants to be processed into vegetable oil (cooking oil, cream, and margarine), oleochemicals (used in detergents and lubricants), biodiesel (fuel), and lauric acid (used in cosmetics and soaps).
Meanwhile, the ‘cake’, namely Palm Kernel Meal (BIS) which consists of a mixture of mesocarp fibers and shells left in the pressing machine is inserted into the deperi carper device, which separates the mesocarp fibers from the seeds.
Mesocarp fiber is used as biofuel or biofuel in palm oil mill boilers, which produces steam that drives turbines to power the plant. The remaining oil palm kernels, also known as palm kernels or kernels, are crushed and shelled apart. The shells are extracted to be sold as biofuel, while the kernels undergo further crushing to produce palm kernel oil (PKO) and Palm Kernel Expeller (PKE).
Crude palm kernel oil (CPKO) also undergoes a refining process before being used in the manufacture of food products such as non-dairy cream and ice cream, while the remaining products from palm kernel meal (PKE) are generally used to make animal feed.
Recycling Residual Production
At Asian Agri, residual wastewater from the palm oil production process – called the Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) – is also recycled, either as fertilizer or as fuel for the biodigester, a tool used to break down and convert organic waste. into biogas. Currently Asian Agri has ten biogas plants, which use the methane gas produced to power factories and operational activities, as well as provide electricity to the surrounding community.
Asian Agri uses a continuous rotating production process, minimizing waste and maximizing efficiency, which are also key requirements of certification bodies such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). This enables higher productivity and lower environmental impact, creating products that are used by millions of people around the world every day in a sustainable manner.
